Effect of Sildenafil Citrate on endometrial preparation before thawed embryo transfer cycles in treatment of infertility

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University

2 Master degree, Resident of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University

3 Lecturer of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University

Abstract

Background: The utilization of assisted reproductive technology has become more common as a helpful ther-apy for infertile women. An endometrium in a receptive condition, an embryo with implantation competency, and coordinated development of the embryo and endometrium are the three prerequisites for a successful implantation.   
Objectives: to assess the efficacy of sildenafil citrate on the ultrasound endometrial thickness and pattern during endometrial preparation before transfer of thawed embry-os in treatment of infertility.   
Methods: The Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) Unit at Ain Shams University Maternity Hospital con-ducted prospective randomized clinical research from November 2023 to May 2024 with 80 women who un-derwent endometrial preparation before frozen embryo transfer. There were inclusion and exclusion criteria for the study. 
Results: There was no statistically significant difference seen in age or BMI between the study groups. There was no statistically significant difference between the analyzed groups' parity, cause of infertility, type of infertility, and period of infertility. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups under study when it came to the lab investigations. Between the research groups, there was a statistically significant difference in the to-tal number of sacs, clinical pregnancy, and pregnancy test results. There was a highly significant difference in the groups under research when it came to the last ultrasound (endometrial thickness) and last ultrasound (endometrial type), but there was no statistically significant difference in the Day 7 Ultrasound.
Conclusion: In patients with thin endometrium undergo-ing frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles, the treatment of vaginal sildenafil citrate significantly enhances the bio-chemical pregnancy rate, the clinical pregnancy rate, and endometrial thickness. It also modifies the endometrial pattern. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that a combined evaluation of endometrial thickness and pattern was more beneficial for patient counseling than individual analysis and was a greater predictor of the outcome of IVF/IC-SI-ET. 

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