Comparative study between levels of maternal serum Cell-Free Fetal DNA and Uric acid in pregnant women with and without Preeclampsia

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Associate Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of obstetrics and Gynecology, Fayoum University Hospital, Fayoum, Egypt

2 Department of obstetrics and Gynecology, Fayoum University Hospital, Fayoum, Egypt.

3 Department of obstetrics and Gynecology, Damietta University Hospital, Damietta, Egypt.

Abstract

Objectives: In this study, we aimed to compare the value of cell-free fetal DNA (cffDNA) and uric acid in maternal serum as markers for pre-eclampsia and subsequently as possible predictors in the future.   
Study Design: This cross-section study including pregnant women attending Cairo University maternity hospital, Cairo, Egypt. This study included 120 patients in two groups; study group and control group with 60 patients each.  
Results: The mean level of CffDNA was 19.6 ± 5.4 and 578.9 ± 185.3 mg/dl in the control and preeclampsia patients respectively; p<0.01. The mean level of cell free fetal DNA was significantly higher among primigravida with severe preeclampsia; 743.2 mg/dl compared with 295.3 mg/dl in multiparous women with severe preeclampsia; p<0.01. Similarly, the mean level of cell free fetal DNA was significantly higher among primigravida with mild preeclampsia; 543.3900 mg/dl compared with 372.2464 mg/dl among the multiparous women with mild preeclampsia; p<0.01.
The mean level of uric acid in control group was 2.9 mg/dl compared with 4.7 mg/dl in the preeclampsia group; p<0.01. The mean level of uric acid was significantly higher among primigravida with severe preeclampsia; 749.6 mg/dl compared with 295.3 mg/dl in multiparous women with severe preeclampsia; p<0.01. Similarly, the mean level of uric acid was higher among primigravida with mild preeclampsia; 3.6 mg/dl compared with 3.4 mg/dl among the multiparous women with mild preeclampsia; however, there was no significant difference, p= 0.072. 
Conclusion: We found that cffDNA is a better marker of pre-eclampsia than uric acid. Compared with uric acid, cffDNA is more sensitive as it has shown elevated levels with mild pre-eclampsia and more elevations with severe pre-eclampsia. Different age groups did not affect the levels of both markers. However, parity seemed to affect Cell-Free Fetal DNA level as it had higher values in primigravida. 

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