COVID-19 disease effect on ovarian reserve in women of reproductive age: an analytical before-and-after COVID-19 study

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Assistant professor of Obstetrics and gynecology department, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University.

2 Resident of obstetrics and gynecology, Fayoum health insurance Hospital

3 Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine - Fayoum University

Abstract

Background: COVID-19 is a serious pandemic that affected multiple systems in the human body. Its effect on female fertility is not widely evaluated. 
Objective: to evaluate the effect of COVID-19 infection on the ovarian reserve and menstrual cycle in infertile women undergoing an assisted reproductive technology protocol.  
Study design: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted on 120 infertile (primary or secondary infertility) women attending the Gynecology and Obstetrics Department at Fayoum University Hospital with confirmed previous COVID-19 disease. The ovarian reserve in this group was studied using AMH, AFC, and serum FSH, LH. The menstrual cycle length was evaluated before and after infection.  
Results: We studied 120 infertile women with confirmed COVID-19 infection. The average age was 26.96 ±5.68 years. Out of the 120 cases, 86 cases (71.7%) were diagnosed as mild COVID-19 infection, while severe cases were reported in 30 (25%), and only four women (3.3%) reported a moderate form of the infection. AMH, AFC, FSH and LH mean serum levels tested post-COVID-19 showed non-statistically significant difference in pre and post covid with infection (p-values > 0.05). A great proportion of the patients reported no change in the cycle length (63.3%) with insignificant difference reported between patients with mild, moderate, and severe infection (P value 0.874).
Conclusion: It was found that COVID-19 has no effect on ovarian reserve.

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