Evaluation of Gestational Sac Diameter, Crown Rump Length, Yolk Sac Diameter and Fetal Heart Rate in Early Detection of Congenital Fetal Malformation

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Associate professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University

2 Lecturer of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University. Egypt

3 Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University. Egypt

4 Resident of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University. Egypt

Abstract

Congenital abnormalities impact 3% to 5% of all
pregnancies, and they are the leading cause of newborn
death. The majority are caused by unknown factors, with
pregnancy being the sole risk factor. However, in both
affluent and developing nations, they are responsible for
rising newborn fatalities.
Aim of the study: The purpose of this study was to see
whether there was a link between Gestational sac diameter
,crown rump length, yolk sac diameter and fetal heart rate
in detection of early congenital fetal malformation.
Patients and methods:our research included 100 pregnant
women who were scanned using 2d ultrasonography
beginning in the first trimester, with the first scan taking
place between 6 and 8 weeks. at 18-22 weeks, a followup scan was performed. the first trimester's outcome was
documented.
Results: Among cases, 77 (77%) had a normal pregnancy,
20 (20%) had an early miscarriage, 3 (3%) had congenital
fetal malformation. a statistically highly significant
difference between a normal, early miscarriage and
congenital fetal malformation results of scan regarding
yolk sac shape (p < 0.001). in our research, a small,
irregular, calcified, or big yolk sac was a significant
predictive factor in pregnancy outcome.
Conclusion: there was a strong link between gestational
sac diameter, yolk sac shape and diameter, CRL, and
fetal heart rate in pregnancies that ended in a normal first
trimester.

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